Berlin, the vibrant capital of Germany, has a rich and complex history that dates back to the 12th century. Originally founded as a trading town, Berlin became the capital of the Margraviate of Brandenburg in 1237. Over the centuries, it evolved into a major European city, playing pivotal roles in the German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, and the Cold War. The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 marked a significant turning point, leading to the reunification of East and West Berlin and the city's restoration as the capital of a unified Germany.
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| Berliner Dome | Credit: Wikimedia/Ansgar Koreng |
Geography of Berlin
Situated in northeastern Germany, Berlin lies in the wide glacial valley of the Spree River, which runs through the center of the city. The city is surrounded by the state of Brandenburg and is part of the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region. With a mix of flat terrain and forested areas, Berlin offers a unique blend of urban and natural landscapes.
Weather in Berlin
Berlin experiences a temperate seasonal climate. Summers are warm and pleasant, with average temperatures around 18°C (65°F), while winters are cold, with temperatures often dropping below freezing. The city receives moderate rainfall throughout the year, with occasional snowfall in the winter months.
Places to visit in Berlin
1. Brandenburg Gate: An iconic symbol of Berlin and Germany.
2. Reichstag Building: The seat of the German parliament, offering stunning views from its glass dome.
3. Berlin Wall Memorial: A poignant reminder of the city's divided past.
4. Museum Island: Home to five world-renowned museums, including the Pergamon Museum and the Altes Museum.
5. Checkpoint Charlie: The famous crossing point between East and West Berlin during the Cold War.
6. Berlin TV Tower: Offering panoramic views of the city from its observation deck.
7. Charlottenburg Palace: A beautiful baroque palace with lush gardens.
Foods to try in Berlin
Berlin's culinary scene is diverse and vibrant, reflecting its multicultural population. Some must-try dishes include:
- Currywurst: A popular street food consisting of a bratwurst sausage topped with curry ketchup.
- Döner Kebab: A Turkish-inspired sandwich filled with meat, vegetables, and sauces.
- Kartoffelsalat: A hearty potato salad often served with various meats.
- Eisbein: A traditional German pork knuckle dish, usually served with sauerkraut and mashed potatoes.
Berlin transport guide
Berlin boasts an efficient and extensive public transportation system, making it easy to navigate the city. The U-Bahn (underground metro), S-Bahn (suburban trains), buses, and trams cover the entire city and its surroundings. A single ticket is valid for all modes of transport within the city limits. For a more scenic option, consider renting a bike and exploring the city's numerous bike paths.