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Indigo Snake

The Indigo Snake (Drymarchon couperi), also known as the Eastern Indigo Snake, is a non-venomous, large and powerful snake species that can be found in the southeastern United States. It is the longest snake native to North America, reaching up to 8 feet in length, and is an important predator in its ecosystem. In this essay, we will discuss the physical characteristics, habitat, diet, behavior, and conservation status of the Indigo Snake.

Eastern Indigo Snake

Physical Characteristics

The Indigo Snake is a shiny blue-black snake with a reddish-orange chin and throat. The scales on its back are smooth, and it has a slender and elongated body with a large, broad head. The average length of the snake is around 6 to 7 feet, but some individuals can grow up to 8 feet in length. The male is generally larger than the female, and the average weight of the snake is around 5 to 10 pounds.

Habitat

The Indigo Snake can be found in a wide range of habitats, including pine forests, hardwood hammocks, grasslands, and wetlands. It prefers open areas with low vegetation and is often found near water sources such as streams and ponds. The snake's range extends from southern Georgia through Florida and into southern Alabama and Mississippi.

Diet

The Indigo Snake is a carnivore and feeds primarily on small mammals, such as rodents, rabbits, and other snakes, including venomous species such as the Copperhead and Diamondback Rattlesnake. The snake is also known to eat birds, frogs, lizards, and turtles. The Indigo Snake is an active hunter and uses its keen sense of smell to locate prey.

Behavior

The Indigo Snake is a solitary creature and is active during the day. It is a strong and fast-moving snake that can move quickly over open terrain. The snake is also an excellent climber and swimmer. The Indigo Snake is known for its docile temperament, and despite its size and strength, it is rarely aggressive towards humans. However, when threatened, the snake will puff up its body, hiss, and vibrate its tail, and may strike if provoked.

Conservation Status

The Indigo Snake is listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act due to habitat loss and fragmentation, degradation of its habitat, and over-collection for the pet trade. The loss of habitat due to urbanization and agriculture has significantly impacted the snake's population. Additionally, the snake is vulnerable to road mortality, as it is often hit by vehicles while crossing roads. Several conservation programs have been implemented to protect the Indigo Snake, including habitat restoration, captive breeding programs, and public education campaigns to raise awareness about the importance of conserving this species.

In conclusion, the Indigo Snake is a remarkable species that plays an important role in its ecosystem. Its unique physical characteristics, habitat, diet, behavior, and conservation status make it a fascinating subject for research and study. It is essential that we continue to work towards protecting and conserving this species to ensure its survival for future generations.
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Literacy rate in India after Independence

India is acountry ot billion of people, majority of population are young between the age of 16-27. Here we have data from Ministry of Home Affairrs. The date is slipitted into states and overall in total. 



PS: The cencus for year 2021 is delay for one year and then delay delay and delay...now it is propsed to start on October 2023. 

Reference 

https://rbidocs.rbi.org.in/rdocs/Publications/PDFs/6TABLE4134B659E3B243EE9CB292D36ABC281B.PDF

Karnataka assembly election result 2023 | List of winners

 List of candidates who won the assembly election 2023 in Karnataka state.

ConstituencyWinning CandidateWinning Party
NippaniJolle Shashikala AnnasahebBJP
Chikkodi-SadalgaGanesh Prakash HukkeriCongress
AthaniLaxman Sangappa SavadiCongress
KagwadBharamgouda Alagouda KageCongress
Kudachi (SC)Mahendra Kallappa TammannavarCongress
Raibag (SC)Aihole Duryodhan MahalingappaBJP
HukkeriKatti Nikhil UmeshBJP
ArabhaviBalachandra Laxmanrao JarkiholiBJP
GokakJarkiholi Ramesh LaxmanraoBJP
Yemkanmardi (ST)Satish Laxmanrao JarkiholiCongress
Belgaum UttarAsif (Raju) SaitCongress1
Belgaum DakshinAbhay PatilBJP
Belgaum RuralLaxmi R. HebbalkarCongress
KhanapurVithal Somanna HalagekarBJP
KitturBabasaheb PatilCongress
BailhongalKoujalagi Mahantesh ShivanandCongress
Saundatti YellammaVishwas Vasant VaidyaCongress
RamdurgAshok Mahadevappa PattanCongress
Mudhol (SC)Ramappa TimmapurCongress
TerdalSiddu SavadiBJP
JamkhandiJagadeesh Shivayya GudaguntiBJP
BilgiJT PatilCongress
BadamiBB ChimmanakattiCongress
BagalkotMeti Hullappa YamanappaCongress
HungundKashappanavara Vijayanand ShivashankrappaCongress
MuddebihalAppaji Aliyas Channabasavaraj S/O Shankarao NadagoudaCongress
Devar HippargiBhimanagouda (Rajugouda) Basanagouda PatilJanata Dal (Secular)
Basavana BagevadiShivanand PatilCongress
BabaleshwarMB PatilCongress
Bijapur CityBasangouda Patil (Yatnal)BJP
Nagathan (SC)Katakdhonda Vitthal DhondibaCongress
IndiYashvantraygoud. Vittalagoud. PatilCongress
SindagiAshok Mallappa ManaguliCongress
AfzalpurMY PatilCongress
JevargiAjay SinghCongress
Shorapur (ST)Raja Venkatappa NaikCongress
ShahapurSharanabasappa Gouda DarshanapurCongress
YadgirChannareddy Patil TunnurCongress
GurmitkalSharana Gowda KandakurJanata Dal (Secular)
Chittapur (SC)Priyank KhargeCongress
SedamSharanprakash Rudrappa PatilCongress
Chincholi (SC)Avinash Umesh JadhavBJP
Gulbarga Rural (SC)Basawaraj MattimuduBJP
Gulbarga DakshinAllamprabhu PatilCongress
Gulbarga UttarKaneez FatimaCongress2
AlandBhojarajCongress
BasavakalyanSharanu SalagarBJP
HumnabadSiddu PatilBJP
Bidar SouthDr Shailendra BeldaleBJP
BidarRahim KhanCongress3
BhalkiEshwar KhandreCongress
Aurad (SC)Prabhu B ChavanBJP
Raichur Rural (ST)Basanagouda DaddalCongress
RaichurDr Shivaraj PatilBJP
Manvi (ST)G Hampayya NayakCongress
Devadurga (ST)KaremmaJanata Dal (Secular)
Lingsugur (SC)Manappa D VajjalBJP
SindhanurHampanagouda BadarliCongress
Maski (ST)Basanagouda TurvihalCongress
KushtagiDoddanagouda Hanamagouda PatilBJP
Kanakagiri (SC)Tangadagi Shivaraj SangappaCongress
GangawatiG Janardhan ReddyKalyana Rajya Pragathi Paksha
YelburgaBasavaraj RayareddyCongress
KoppalK Raghavendra HitnalCongress
Shirahatti (SC)Dr Chandru LamaniBJP
GadagHK PatilCongress
RonGurupadagouda Sanganagouda PatilCongress
NargundC. C. PatilBJP
NavalgundNingaraddi Hanamaraddi KonaraddiCongress
KundgolMR PatilBJP
DharwadVinay KulkarniCongress
Hubli-Dharwad East (SC)Abbayya PrasadCongress
Hubli-Dharwad CentralMahesh TenginakaiBJP
Hubli-Dharwad WestArvind BelladBJP
KalghatgiSantosh S LadCongress
HaliyalDeshpande RaghunathCongress
KarwarSatish Krishna SailCongress
KumtaDinakar Keshav ShettyBJP
BhatkalMankal VaidyaCongress
SirsiBhimanna T NaikCongress
YellapurArbail Shivaram HebbarBJP
HangalMane SrinivasCongress
ShiggaonBasavaraj BommaiBJP
Haveri (SC)Rudrappa Manappa LamaniCongress
ByadgiBasavaraj Neelappa ShivannanavarCongress
HirekerurUjaneshwar Basavannappa BanakarCongress
RanebennurPrakash KoliwadCongress
Hadagalli (SC)Krishna NayakaBJP
Hagaribommanahalli (SC)Nemarajanaik KJanata Dal (Secular)
VijayanagaraHR GaviyappaCongress
Kampli (ST)JN GaneshCongress
Siruguppa (ST)BM NagarajaCongress
Bellary Rural (ST)B NagendraCongress
Bellary CityNara Bharath ReddyCongress
Sandur (ST)E TukaramCongress
Kudligi (ST)Srinivas NTCongress
Molakalmuru (ST)NY GopalakrishnaCongress
Challakere (ST)T RaghumurthyCongress
ChitradurgaKC Veerendra PuppyCongress
HiriyurSudhakarCongress
HosadurgaBG GovindappaCongress
Holalkere (SC)M ChandrappaBJP
Jagalur (ST)B DevendrappaCongress
HarapanahalliLatha MallikarjunIndependent
HariharBP HarishBJP
Davanagere NorthSS MallikarjunCongress
Davanagere SouthShamanur ShivashankarappaCongress
Mayakonda (SC)K S BasavanthappaCongress
ChannagiriBasavaraju V ShivagangaCongress
HonnaliShanthana Gowda DGCongress
Shimoga Rural (SC)Sharada PuryanaikJanata Dal (Secular)
BhadravatiBK SanagameshwaraCongress
ShimogaChannabasappa (Chenni)BJP
TirthahalliAraga JnanendraBJP
ShikaripuraVijayendra YediyurappaBJP
SorabMadhu BangarappaCongress
SagarGopala Krishna BeluruCongress
ByndoorGururaj Shetty GantiholeBJP
KundapuraA Kiran Kumar KodgiBJP
UdupiYashpal Anand SuvarnaBJP
KapuGurme Suresh ShettyBJP
KarkalaV Sunil KumarBJP
SringeriT D RajegowdaCongress
Mudigere (SC)Nayana MotammaCongress
ChikmagalurHD ThammaiahCongress
TarikereG H SrinivasaCongress
KadurAnand KSCongress
ChikknayakanhalliCB Suresh BaabuJanata Dal (Secular)
TipturK ShadakshariCongress
TuruvekereMT KrishnappaJanata Dal (Secular)
KunigalDr HD RanganathCongress
Tumkur CityGB Jyothi GaneshBJP
Tumkur RuralB Suresh GowdaBJP
Koratagere (SC)Dr G ParameshwaraCongress
GubbiSR Srinivas (Vasu)Congress
SiraT B JayachandraCongress
Pavagada (SC)HV VenkateshCongress
MadhugiriKyathasandra N RajannaCongress
GauribidanurKH Puttaswamy Gowda (KHP)Independent
BagepalliSN Subbareddy (Chinnakayalapalli)Congress
ChikkaballapurPradeep EshwarCongress
SidlaghattaBN Ravi KumarJanata Dal (Secular)
ChintamaniDr MC SudhakarCongress
SrinivaspurG K VenkatashivareddyJanata Dal (Secular)
Mulbagal (SC)Samruddhi V ManjunathJanata Dal (Secular)
Kolar Gold Field (SC)Roopa Kala MCongress
Bangarapet (SC)SN Narayanaswamy KMCongress
KolarKothur G ManjunathaCongress
MalurK. Y. NanjegowdaCongress
YelahankaSR VishwanathBJP
KrishnarajapuramBA BasavarajaBJP
ByatarayanapuraKrishna ByregowdaCongress
YeshvanthapuraST SomashekarBJP
RajarajeshwarinagarMunirathnaBJP
DasarahalliS MunirajuBJP
Mahalakshmi LayoutK GopalaiahBJP
MalleshwaramDr Ashwathnarayan CNBJP
HebbalSuresha BSCongress
Pulakeshinagar (SC)AC SrinivasaCongress
SarvagnanagarKelachandra Joseph GeorgeCongress
C. V. Raman Nagar (SC)S RaghuBJP
ShivajinagarRizwan ArshadCongress4
Shanti NagarNA HarisCongress5
Gandhi NagarDinesh Gundu RaoCongress
Rajaji NagarS Suresh KumarBJP
Govindraj NagarPriyakrishnaCongress
Vijay NagarM KrishnappaCongress
ChamrajpetBZ Zameer Ahmed KhanCongress6
ChickpetUday B GarudacharBJP
BasavanagudiRavi Subramanya LABJP
PadmanabhanagarR AshokaBJP
B.T.M. LayoutRamalinga ReddyCongress
JayanagarSowmya ReddyCongress
Mahadevapura (SC)Manjula SBJP
BommanahalliSathish Reddy MBJP
Bangalore SouthM KrishnappaBJP
Anekal (SC)B ShivannaCongress
HoskoteSharath Kumar BachegowdaCongress
Devanahalli (SC)KH MuniyappaCongress
DoddaballapurDheeraj MunirajBJP
Nelamangala (SC)Shreenivasaiah NCongress
MagadiHC BalakrishnaCongress
RamanagaramHA Iqbal HussainCongress7
KanakapuraDK ShivakumarCongress
ChannapatnaHD KumaraswamyJanata Dal (Secular)
Malavalli (SC)PM NarendraswamyCongress
MaddurUdaya K MCongress
MelukoteDarshan PuttannaiahSarvodaya Karnataka Paksha
MandyaRavikumar Gowda (Ganiga)Congress
SrirangapatnaA.B. Ramesha BandisiddegowdaCongress
NagamangalaN Chaluvaraya SwamyCongress
KrishnarajapetHT ManjuJanata Dal (Secular)
ShravanabelagolaCN BalakrishnaJanata Dal (Secular)
ArsikereKM Shivalinge GowdaCongress
BelurHK Suresh (Hullalli Suresh)BJP
HassanSwaroop PrakashJanata Dal (Secular)
HolenarasipurHD RevannaJanata Dal (Secular)
ArkalgudA. ManjuJanata Dal (Secular)
Sakleshpur (SC)Cement ManjuBJP
BelthangadyHarish PoonjaBJP
MoodabidriUmanatha KotianBJP
Mangalore City NorthBharath Shetty YBJP
Mangalore City SouthD Vedavyasa KamathBJP
MangaloreUT Khader FareedCongress8
BantvalRajesh Naik UBJP
PutturAshok Kumar RaiCongress
Sullia (SC)Bhagirathi MurulyaBJP
MadikeriDr Mantar GowdaCongress
VirajpetAS PonnannaCongress
PeriyapatnaK VenkateshCongress
KrishnarajanagaraRavishankar DCongress
HunsurGD Harish Gowda
Heggadadevankote (ST)Anil ChikkamadhuCongress
Nanjangud (SC)Darshan DhruvanarayanaCongress
ChamundeshwariGT DevegowdaJanata Dal (Secular)
KrishnarajaT S SrivathsaBJP
ChamarajaK Harish GowdaCongress
NarasimharajaTanveer SaitCongress9
VarunaSiddaramaiahCongress
T Narasipur (SC)Dr HC MahadevappaCongress
HanurMR ManjunathJanata Dal (Secular)
Kollegal (SC)A.R.KrishnamurthyCongress
ChamarajanagarC PuttarangashettyCongress
GundlupetHM Ganesh PrasadCongress